Year: 2015 | Month: December | Volume 8 | Issue 4

Forage Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Seed Yield and Seed Quality Response to Foliar Application of Bio-regula


DOI:10.5958/2230-732X.2015.00101.1

Abstract:

Heat stress could be one of the major constraints for limiting yield and quality of legumes in many parts of the world. Foliage applied bio-regulators induce thermo-tolerance and flowering in plants under temperature stress conditions. So, we assessed the effectiveness of four foliage applied bio-regulators starting from flower initiation on growth, seed yield and germination parameters on two cultivars of forage cowpea ( cv. CL 367 and Cowpea 88) with different doses viz. sodium benzoate (100 and 150 µg mL-1), salicylic acid (50 and 100 µg mL-1), CaCl2 (0.5 and1.0%) and KNO3 (1.0 and 2.0%). Cultivar CL 367 recorded significantly higher SPAD value, pods plant-1, seed yield, harvest index, and seed germination parameters than Cowpea 88. Bio-regulators sprays on crop improved the seed yield by 12.9-32.7%. Salicylic acid (50 µg mL-1), KNO3 (2.0%) and CaCl2 (1.0%) foliar sprays increased seed yield by 32.7%, 27.5% and 26.7%, respectively, over control. Seeds produced from 50 µg mL-1 salicylic acid treatment were of better quality with improved germination, shoot length, root length and seedling vigor index. Our results suggest that three foliar sprays of 50 µg mL-1 of salicylic acid starting from flowering at weekly interval can increase the seed yield and quality of cowpea. Improvement in seed yield and its quality with foliar bio-regulators will certainly increase the area under this fodder crop and will be helpful in sustaining livestock production in developing countries.



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